TEMPORARY WORKS - COMPOSITE BRIDGE

CONSTRUCTION OF TEMPORARY BRIDGE.

In Construction, the most important thing during planning stage are to identify and observed the access and  temporary works need to be implemented during construction stage. As Construction Manager, it is necessary to understand the obligation of contractor as per Contract Document for the temporary works items in order to avoid the cost implication to the company.






Sometimes during tender stage, the temporary  works normally have been included in the preliminaries items as lump sump quantity. It means all cost  for the Temporary works in whatsoever works requirements  for the completion of the project shall be included under contractor obligation in lump sum amount.

If the contract is a design and build contract, it is clearly stated under contractor's general obligation,  the contractor shall provided all design, services, labour, material, contractor's equipment, temporary works, transport to and form and in or about the site and everything whether temporary nature required in and for such design,construction and completion so far as the necessity for providing the same is specified in or reasonably to be inferred for the contract.

However when come to sub-contractor contract sometimes the contractor misunderstanding that the major temporary works and access shall be provided by  main contract unless it have been agreed as back to back basis. It so tricky because the temporary works cost can be affected the overall profit margin for the project. Some contractor did not realise the content inside the contract document  can trap them into trouble when the site condition especially the ground condition  is too bad and requires a lot of  temporary works such as temporary cofferdam, temporary jetty, staging or temporary bridge in order to complete the works within completion period.

One of my project site that required the temporary works as composite bridge during construction of KL - Putrajaya Highway under Package 5 : Kesas Interchange. The temporary bridge cross sungai Kuyoh nearby Sri Petaling LRT Station need to construct due to the unavailable access from the other side of river which block by LRT railway.

The design of temporary bridge using steel structure and composite concrete so that it easy to construct and dismantle.

Method Statement for Construction of Temporary Bridge 

1.         SCOPE OF WORKS

1.1              This work method statement outlines the work sequence and machinery requirement for construction (and subsequently dismantling) of temporary composite bridge across Sungai Kuyuh in Kuala Lumpur–Putrajaya Highway – Package 5 (Kesas Interchange).

1.2              The description of the proposed temporary composite bridge is as per below:-

a)	Total bridge length	30	m
b)	Individual span length	6	m
c)	Number of span	5	spans
d)	Number of pier in water	2 4	piers / 4 nos. H-pile (after river training works) piers / 8 nos. H-pile (prior river training works)
e)	Foundation	300x300x94 kg/m UC / H-pile (estimated length per no. at refusal = 12m)
f)	Crossbeam	300x300x94 kg/m UB (minimum length per no. = 6m)
g)	Deck system	4	nos./span 500mm thk. X 1.5m width x 6.0m length precast R.C. double T-beam

 2.         CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

2.1              The alignment of the temporary bridge and locations for steel H-piles shall be demarcated by a competent surveyor.

2.2              The locations for H-piles shall be free of pre-cast concrete block (existing protection / revetment system along the river bank), boulder and any other form of visible obstructor.

2.3              Construction of the temporary bridge shall be kicked-off with installation of H-piles at Pier 1 (at the river bank). It shall be carried out using a 40 tonne crawler crane and a 5 tonne single-clamp vibro hammer. Kindly refer to Diagram 1.

2.4              The vertically for the said H-piles shall be checked regularly by means of a spirit level.

2.5              The H-pile shall be driven to refusal and shall be cut-off at RL 30.37m. This is to ensure that the lowest point of the bracing or tie (in which to be installed at 2.20m below the said cut-off level) is above RL 27.87m (high water level, Q₁₀₀).

2.6          4 nos. of 0.5m H x 1.5m W x 6m L precast R.C. double T-beams shall then be launched to span across the steel crossbeam. The steel base plates of the precast beams shall be welded to the steel crossbeams. Kindly refer to Diagram 2.

2.7        Bracing and tie (I300mm x 300mm) shall be installed and welded as per the details in the approved shop-drawings.

2.8          Backing piece (12mm thk. steel plate normally) shall be welded to the H-piles at Pier 1 prior receiving earth to form temporary ramp. This ramp is to enable the crawler crane to move on top of the temporary bridge for construction of the next span.

2.9              Item 2.1 -- 2.7 shall be repeated for construction of the subsequent span and complete the overall temporary bridge as shown in Diagram 3.

2.10          Wedge metal plates (opposing the flow direction) shall be installed at the H-piles at the upstream face to minimise back-water-effect.

2.11          While the temporary bridge is in place, regular check shall be conducted to ensure that the piers in water remain free of water born debris.

3.         CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

3.1              The temporary bridge shall be dismantled after completion of Ramp 4, Ramp 6 and the Mainline.

3.2              The earth fill ramp (at LRT’s side) shall be excated by an excavator as shown in Diagram 4. The excavated material shall be disposed off site.

3.3              Backing piece, precast R.C. double T-beams, steel crossbeam and bracing / tie shall be detached from the H-piles at Pier 5 and Pier 6.

3.4              H-piles at Pier 6 shall be extracted by means of a 40 tonne crawler crane and a 5 tonne vibro hammer. Kindly refer to Diagram 5.

3.5              Item 3.3 & 3.4 shall be repeated to dismantle the subsequent span.

3.6              In the event of difficulty in the H-pile extraction work, higher capacity machinery and equipment (50 tonne crawler crane with 8 tonne single-clamp vibro hammer for example) shall be deployed. 

4.       PLANT/EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT

4.1       40 tonne crawler crane

4.2       5 tonne vibro hammer c/w generator

4.3       Welding machine

4.4       Welding and oxy-cutting accessories.                                                                                     

5.      SAFETY & HEALTH

  

5.1          General Safety

The Site Manager will have overall responsibility for safety. The construction area shall be isolated and fenced. Therefore, the danger of injury to members of the general public is minimal. All site visitors within the constructed area will be accompanied by a member of the Site Team.

The following general safety issues will be addressed on site:

·         All lifting appliances and lifting gear shall be inspected by a competent person (e.g. by a LCM Safety Advisor or suitable experienced Plant Manager) and certified as having adequate capacity for their intended purposes.

·         All lifting gear should be regularly inspected for damage that may effect capacity.

·         Lifting appliances shall only operate on a firm base of adequate bearing capacity.

5.2          Personnel & Safety

All new workers and staffs shall attend the Safety Induction Course prior commencing work at site. All personnel at site shall wear safety helmet and safety boots. Eye protection shall be worn by all welders. All workers must attend the Weekly Tool Box Meetings held on site.

Any unsafe act or condition shall be identified and corrected promptly or refereed to the respective supervisor. Any accident or incident shall be reported immediately so that preventive action can be taken.

 5.3       Training

All staff members shall be briefed on the importance of monitoring on site safety.

  

6.        ENVIRONMENT

6.1      General Environmental Issue

The Site Manager will have overall responsibility for the environment. All new workers and staff will attend the Environmental Induction Course prior commencing work at site.

 The Completion of temporary Bridge ( Photo Below ) ready to use for permanent works.